Activity 1 : Faraday's Law

 [to be done in practical sheets]

Activity 1: TO STUDY FARADAY LAW OF ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

REQUIREMENT: Phet simulation

THEORY

[Write in details about Faraday law of electromagnetic induction in detalis with figure]

.......................................

................................

.........................

.........................

PROCEDURE

[this is instruction for you, you should convert these instructions in to third person passive form]

1. Visit phet simulation website and open the Faraday's law simulation.

2. Observe the screen and find the different control icons to change the  number of loops in the coil, to change the polarity of magnet etc.

3. Pick up the magnet and insert in the coil and observe the deflection in voltmeter ( check the voltmeter and field lines box).

4. Next change the polarity of the magnet and observe the change in direction of deflection in voltmeter.

5. Change the speed of movement of magnet and observe the difference in amount of voltage induced.

6. Repeat the observation for amount of voltage by inserting the coil with same speed in  few turns and then coil of many turns.

OBSERVATION

Table 1: Observation of cause of electromagnetic induction

S.N	Action	Observation	Remarks
1	Magnet inserted in the coil	Field lines changes in the coil	Deflection occurs
2	Magnet kept at rest inside the coil	Field lines doesn't change	Deflection doesn't occurs
3.	Magnet taken out from coil	………………..	…………………….

Result 1. ………………………………………………………………………………….

Table 2: Observation for direction of current induced 

S.N	Action	Observation	Remarks
1	North pole of magnet inserted in coil	Deflection is in ........(right/left) side	Current in induced in one direction
2	South pole of magnet inserted in coil	Deflection is in ........ side	Deflection occurs in opposite direction

Result 2: Direction of induced current depends upon the direction of magnetic field.

Table 3: Observation for amount of current induced current with the speed of motion

S.N	Action	Observation	Remarks
1	Magnet moved slowly	Deflection is ......... unit	.........(more/less) current is induced
2	Magnet moved quickly	Deflection is .......unit	........(more/less) current is induced

Result 3: Amount of current induced is directly proportional to ........................................

Table 4: Observation for amount of current induced current number of turns of coil

S.N	Action	Observation	Remarks
1	Magnet moved in coil of less turn	Deflection is ......... unit	.........(more/less) current is induced
2	Magnet moved in coil of more turns	Deflection is .......unit	........(more/less) current is induced

Result 4: ........................................

CONCLUSION

The above experiment on simulation proves Faraday law of electomagnetic induction. Which can be concluded in following points:

1.......................

2.

3.

4

Cell Division

Mitosis Cell Division

Meiosis Cell Division

Differences

aVISUALIZATION OF CELL DIVISION Materials Needed:• Chart paper• Thread (different colors)• Grains (such as rice, lentils, or beads)• Glue• Scissors• Markers or pensTheoryPhases of Cell Division:• Interphase• Prophase• Metaphase• Anaphase• Telophase• Cytokinesis• Steps to Construct Each Phase:1. Interphase Description: The cell is preparing for division. DNA is replicated, but chromosomes are not yet visible.

Construction:• Use a thicker thread (yarn) to make a large circle representing the cell.• Inside the circle, make a smaller circle to represent the nucleus.• Spread grains evenly within the nucleus to represent cell organnels and thinner thread chromatin (loosely packed DNA).2. Prophase Description: Chromosomes condense and become visible. The nuclear membrane starts to disintegrate.

Construction:• Use thread to create visible chromosomes by gluing it in a condensed X shape.• Place the thread chromosomes inside the nucleus.• Construct the disintegrating nuclear membrane with dashed thread..3. Metaphase Description: Chromosomes line up along the metaphase plate (center of the cell).

Construction:• Draw the cell and place a central line (metaphase plate) across the cell.• Align thread chromosomes along the central line.• Use two different colors of thread to represent spindle fibers attached to the centromeres of the chromosomes.4. AnaphaseDescription: Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

Construction:• Use the same cell outline.• Show the thread chromosomes being pulled apart towards opposite ends of the cell.• Use thread to create spindle fibers pulling the chromatids apart.5. TelophaseDescription: Chromosomes arrive at opposite poles, and the nuclear membrane starts to re-form.

Construction:• Draw the cell with two sets of chromosomes at opposite ends.• Use thread to create the chromosomes.• Draw new nuclear membranes forming around each set of chromosomes.• Indicate the beginning of the cell membrane pinching in (cleavage furrow).6. CytokinesisDescription: The cell divides into two daughter cells.

Construction:1. Show the final splitting of the cell into two.2. Use thread to show the separation of the cytoplasm.3. Draw the two new daughter cells, each with a nucleus and chromosomes.Final Touches:Label each phase clearly on the chart paper.Add descriptions or key points about what happens during each phase.Use different colors for different components (e.g., spindle fibers, chromosomes, nuclear membrane) to enhance visual clarity.